| Bolivia, monolitos de Khonkho Wankane |
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| Written by Yasodanath Devi Villagra Cisternas | |
| Monday, 17 September 2007 | |
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En la extensa planicie del Municipio de Jesús de Machaca, se levanta discreta, en la comunidad de Qhunqhu Liquiliqui, un montículo de tierra donde se encuentran bloques de piedras paradas y enigmáticos monolitos que datan de una cultura anterior a Tiwanaku (cultura que se inició el año 2.400 a.C., y colapsó alrededor del año 1.200 d.C.) El sitio se encuentra en una colina de aproximadamente 10 metros de altura, con una superficie de alrededor de 12 hectáreas en promedio donde se puede apreciar sin mayor dificultad los bloques de piedra implantados a modo de columnas y distribuidos a distancias regulares, donde existe bastante tierra que guarda además los secretos de aquel importante asentamiento. En el lugar se encuentran cinco monolitos: el Wila Kala erigido en la ladera Sureste, Jinchun Kala parado al Sur, los dos bloques parados en la ladera Oeste y el Tata Kala que se halla tendido en la parte central del montículo y es la estela de mayor tamaño con una longitud de aproximadamente 5.20 m. Asimismo, disperso en toda la superficie se hallan fragmentos de materiales antiguos de naturaleza cerámica, ósea, lítica, que ahora se los puede observar en el Museo A. Portugal que se encuentra en el centro poblado. Esta cerámica y arte textil de esta antigua cultura hoy en día es replicada por los habitantes de la región.
Las últimas investigaciones de los años 2001, 2005 y 2006, demuestran que la ocupación del montículo Khonkho Wankane fue bastante prolongada, probablemente desde el 200 a.C. hasta tiempos de los señoríos Pacajes (1470 d.C.) Sin embargo las construcciones habitacionales que transformaron la fisonomía del montículo fueron realizadas por los pobladores del Formativo Tardía, quizá entre los años 200 a 400 d.C. En este periodo de cinco fases los pobladores de Wankane hicieron profundas transformaciones del tipo de organización social, de sus ideales, valores, hábitos y visión de su futuro. Las habitaciones son de tipo trapezoidal, con una estructura circular y patios rectangulares construidas de piedra y arcilla. En el centro del asentamiento se descubrió la construcción de un canal subterráneo, trabajado con piedras angulares en las paredes y largos bloques transversalmente dispuestos a modo de techo. Las dimensiones de este interesante ducto es de: 55 centímetros de ancho en la base, 45 cm a la altura del techo, 70 cm de la base al techo y sobrepasan los cien metros de largo que se dirigen hacia el sur del montículo. |
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| Last Updated ( Monday, 17 September 2007 ) |
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